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Migrating from Windows Server 2003/2008 to Windows Server 2008 R2 : Phased Migration (part 2)

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3/2/2011 10:07:44 PM

Preparing the Forest and Domains Using adprep

The introduction of Windows Server 2008 R2 domain controllers into a Windows Server 2003/2008 Active Directory requires that the core AD database structure, the schema, be updated to support the increased functionality. In addition, several other security changes need to be made to prepare a forest for inclusion of Windows Server 2008 R2. The Windows Server 2008 R2 DVD includes a command-line utility called adprep that will extend the schema to include the extensions required and modify security as needed. Adprep requires that both forestprep and domainprep be run before the first Windows Server 2008 R2 domain controller can be added.

The adprep utility must be run from the Windows Server 2008 R2 DVD or copied from its location in the \support\adprep\ folder. This installs the schema updates that are new to Windows Server 2008 R2 Active Directory. The following steps should be run on the Flexible Single Master Operations (FSMO) role holder, specifically the Schema Master role holder:

1.
Insert the Windows Server 2008 R2 DVD into the drive. If the Install Windows autorun page appears, close the window.

2.
Select Start, Run.

3.
Enter d:\support\adprep\adprep.exe /forestprep and click OK, where d: is the DVD drive.

4.
A warning appears to verify that all Windows 2000 Server domain controllers are at Service Pack 4 or later. Enter C and press Enter to start the forest preparation.

Note

Any previous extensions made to the Active Directory schema, such as those made with Exchange Server 2003 or Exchange Server 2007, are not affected by the adprep procedure. This procedure simply adds additional attributes and does not change those that currently exist.


Now that the schema updates have been installed, the domain is ready to be prepared. The operation must be run once in every domain in a forest. It must be physically invoked on the server that holds the infrastructure master Operations Master (OM) role. The steps for executing the domainprep procedure are as follows:

1.
On the Operations Master domain controller, insert the Windows Server 2008 R2 DVD into the drive. If the Install Windows autorun page appears, close the window.

2.
Select Start, Run.

3.
Enter d:\support\adprep\adprep.exe /domainprep /gpprep and click OK, where d: is the DVD drive.

4.
Enter d:\support\adprep\adprep.exe /rodcprep and click OK. This update allows Read-Only Domain Controllers by updating the permissions on all the DNS application directory partitions in the forest and allows them to be replicated by all RODCs that are also DNS servers.

Repeat steps 1 through 4 for each domain that will be upgraded.

After the forestprep and domainprep operations are run, the Active Directory forest will be ready for the introduction or upgrade of Windows Server 2008 R2 domain controllers. The schema is extended and includes support for Active Directory Recycle Bin and other enhancements. After these updates have had sufficient time to replicate across all domains, the process of upgrading the domain controllers to Windows Server 2008 R2 can commence.

Upgrading Existing Domain Controllers

If the decision has been made to upgrade all or some existing hardware to Windows Server 2008 R2, the process for accomplishing this is straightforward. However, as with the standalone server, you need to ensure that the hardware and any additional software components are compatible with Windows Server 2008 R2. The requirements for the server to upgrade are as follows:

  • The operating system on the domain controllers must be a 64-bit operating system.

  • The operating system on the domain controllers is Windows Server 2003 SP2. The domain controller hardware exceeds the Windows Server 2008 R2 requirements and all software is compatible with Windows Server 2008 R2, including antivirus software and drivers.

  • There is enough disk space free to perform the operating system and Active Directory upgrade. Specifically, verify that your free space is at least twice the size of your Active Directory database plus the minimum 32GB needed to install the operating system.

The specific steps are as follows:

1.
Insert the Windows Server 2008 R2 DVD into the DVD drive of the server to be upgraded.

2.
The Install Windows page should appear automatically. If not, choose Start, Run and then type d:\Setup, where d: is the drive letter for the DVD drive.

3.
Click Install Now.

4.
Click the large Go Online to Get the Latest Updates button. This ensures that the installation has the latest information for the upgrade.

5.
Select the operating system you want to install and click Next.

6.
Select the I Accept the License Terms option on the License page, and click Next to continue.

7.
Click the large Upgrade button.

8.
Review the compatibility report and verify that all issues have been addressed. Click Next to continue.

9.
The system then copies files and reboots as a Windows Server 2008 R2 server, continuing the upgrade process. After all files are copied, the system is then upgraded to a fully functional install of Windows Server 2008 R2 and then reboots again. All this can take some time to complete.

10.
After the final reboot, the domain controller will be at the familiar Ctrl+Alt+Del screen. After logon, the domain controller opens to the Server Manager console. The domain controller upgrade is complete.

Repeat for all domain controllers that will be upgraded.

Replacing Existing Domain Controllers

If you need to migrate specific domain controller functionality to the new Active Directory environment but plan to use new hardware, you need to bring new domain controllers into the environment before retiring the old servers.

Windows Server 2008 R2 uses a roles-based model. To make a Windows Server 2008 R2 server a domain controller, the Active Directory Domain Services role is added. This is the most thorough approach, and the following steps show how to accomplish this to establish a new Windows Server 2008 R2 domain controller in a Windows Server 2003/2008 Active Directory domain:



1.
Log on to the new server as an administrator.

2.
Launch Server Manager.

3.
Select the Roles node.

4.
Click Add Roles.

5.
Click Next.

6.
Select the Active Directory Domain Services check box, and click Next.

Note

The .NET Framework 3.5.1 features are required; if prompted to install, click Add Required Features.

7.
Click Next on the Introduction page.

8.
Click Install to install the role. This installs the binaries necessary for the server to become a domain controller.

9.
Click Close on the Installation Results page.

10.
In the Server Manager console, expand the Roles node and select the Active Directory Domain Services node.

11.
In the Summary section, click the Run the Active Directory Domain Services Installation Wizard (dcpromo.exe) link.

12.
Click Next on the Welcome page.

13.
Select the Existing Forest option button.

14.
Select the Add a Domain Controller to an Existing Domain option button, and click Next.

15.
Enter the name of the domain.

16.
Click Set to specify alternate credentials to use for the operation.

17.
Enter the credentials of a domain administrator in the target domain, and click OK.

18.
Click Next to continue.

19.
Select the appropriate domain for the new domain controller, and click Next. In this example, the companyabc.com domain is used.

20.
Select a site for the domain, and click Next.

21.
Select the Additional Domain Controller Options, which are DNS Server and Global Catalog by default. The Read-Only Domain Controller option is not available if this is the first Windows Server 2008 R2 domain controller in the domain. Click Next.

22.
Click Yes if presented with a DNS Delegation warning dialog box.

23.
Select locations for the database, log files, and the SYSVOL, and then click Next.

24.
Enter the Directory Services Restore mode administrator password, and then click Next.

25.
Review the summary, and then click Next. The installation wizard will create the domain controller and replicate the Active Directory database, which might take some time depending on the network and the size of the Active Directory database.

26.
After the wizard completes the installation, click Finish.

27.
Click Restart Now to reboot the new domain controller.

This process should be repeated for each new replacement domain controller.

Other -----------------
- Migrating from Windows Server 2003/2008 to Windows Server 2008 R2 : Big Bang Migration
- Migrating from Windows Server 2003/2008 to Windows Server 2008 R2 : Beginning the Migration Process
 
 
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