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Windows Server 2012 Group Policies and Policy Management : Policy Management Tools (part 2)

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8/4/2013 9:22:33 AM

Group Policy Update from GPMC

New to the GPMC with Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012, administrators can now force a Group Policy update to be processed on all systems within a specific OU from the GPMC. This functionality has been lacking and has a lot of use to administrators who need to create and enforce a policy as soon as possible. This functionality however only applies to computers and not to users. To perform this task, just right-click the desired OU and select Group Policy Update, as shown in Figure 2. After the setting is selected, you are required to approve, and the results are shown in a Remote Group Policy Update Results window.

Image

Figure 2. Group Policy Remote Update from GPMC.

Group Policy Infrastructure Status

One update to the Group Policy Management Console is the domain Group Policy infrastructure status. Now within the GPMC window, Group Policy administrators can check on the replication status of GPOs across all domain controllers in the domain, as shown in Figure 3.

Image

Figure 3. Group Policy infrastructure status.

PowerShell Management of Group Policies

With the release of Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012, Microsoft has now added functionality to manage group policies with PowerShell. This functionality is automatically enabled when the Group Policy Management feature is installed on a Windows 8 or Windows Server 2012 system. Microsoft includes 28 out-of-the-box PowerShell cmdlets for Group Policy. The cmdlets allow a Group Policy administrator to perform a number of different functions from within PowerShell, including the following:

• Create new GPOs and create new starter GPOs

• Create new GPO links

• Restore or import GPOs

• Remove GPOs and GPO links

• Read/set the properties of an OU to inherit parent GPO links or to block inheritance

• Rename a GPO

• Generate a report of GPO settings and configurations

• Generate a Resultant Set of Policies report

• Generate a Report on Group policy inheritance

• Set GPO administrative permissions and delegation

• Set GPO policy and preference settings that are stored in the Registry

To get a list of the Group Policy-related PowerShell cmdlets, follow these steps:

1. Log on to a system that has the Group Policy Management Tools installed. The Group Policy tools can be installed with the remote server administration tools.

2. Move your mouse to the lower-right corner of the Desktop, expose the Charm bar, and click the magnifying glass to open the Search menu.

3. In the Search menu, search Apps and type in Windows, and then click the Windows PowerShell ISE tile.

4. When the Windows PowerShell ISE tile opens, pull down the View menu and verify that the Show Command Add-on option is checked.

5. On the right of the console window in the commands pane, pull down the Modules menu and select GroupPolicy to reveal the list of the related cmdlets, as shown in Figure 4

Image

Figure 4. Group Policy PowerShell cmdlets.

6. As desired, select a particular cmdlets. After a cmdlets is selected, click Show Details to see the parameters or click the question mark icon to show the help information.

7. Close the Windows PowerShell ISE console window.


Note

Windows PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment (ISE) is a powerful tool that enables administrators to search and learn how to leverage PowerShell like never before and should be explored.


Event Viewer

Event Viewer for Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 includes several new event logs, which now provide additional GPO logging events, similar to those shown in Figure 5. GPO logging now includes administrative GPO events, stored in the system log with a source of Group Policy (Microsoft-Windows-GroupPolicy), and GPO operational events, stored in the Applications and Services Logs, which is stored in Microsoft/Windows/GroupPolicy/Operational. By default, minimal logging for Group Policy processing is performed, but if additional logging or troubleshooting is required, you can increase the logging level.

Image

Figure 5. Group Policy events.

GPO Administrative Events

The administrative events include the state of the GPO processing on a particular computer or user, including high-level information detailing if GPO processing was successful or failed. To view Group Policy administrative events, follow these steps:

1. Log on to a designated administrative server running Windows Server 2012.

2. Open the Event Viewer from the Search Apps menu.

3. When Event Viewer opens, expand Windows Logs.

4. Right-click the System log and select Filter Current Log.

5. In the middle of the filter window, click the Event Sources drop-down arrow.

6. Scroll down and check Group Policy(Microsoft-Windows-GroupPolicy) and click back on the filter window to close the menu.

7. Click OK at the bottom of the window to apply the filter.

8. Review the Group Policy events.

9. If the task is complete, close Event Viewer to clear the filter; otherwise, clear the filter by right-clicking the system log and selecting Clear Filter.

10. Close Event Viewer when you have finished.

GPO Operational Events

The GPO operational events include very granular detail of GPO processing. When GPO processing occurs, the operational events are created almost one for one with each task included within the GPO processing. This new logging functionality simplifies troubleshooting GPO processing tremendously. To view the GPO operational events on a Windows Server 2012 system, follow these steps:

1. Log on to a designated administrative server running Windows Server 2012.

2. Open the Event Viewer.

3. When Event Viewer opens, expand Applications and Services Logs.

4. Expand Microsoft.

5. Expand Windows.

6. Expand Group Policy.

7. Select the Operational log beneath the Group Policy container and view the events in the right pane.

8. Click particular events to see the details.

9. Close Event Viewer when you have finished.

DFS Management

GPO files are stored in the Active Directory domain SYSVOL folder. GPO files in the SYSVOL folder are replicated by the Distributed File System Replication service. The DFS Management console enables administrators to configure the replication options, including scheduling and other DFS management tasks. The SYSVOL share is known as the domain system volume, and the replication of this volume follows the site link replication schedule. Changing or managing the domain system volume replication schedule between domain controllers in the same Active Directory site is not an option. One thing that has been added to Windows Server 2012 GPMC is the ability to view the Group Policy infrastructure status, which includes the replication status of the GPO back-end files stored on SYSVOL.

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