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Routing with Windows Server 2003 : Configuring Demand-Dial Routing (part 1) - Configuring Demand-Dial Interfaces

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3/20/2011 11:21:25 AM

Configuring Demand-Dial Interfaces

The first step in deploying demand-dial routing is to configure a demand-dial interface on each computer you want to function as a demand-dial router. You can configure these interfaces by using the Demand-Dial Interface Wizard. You can run this wizard as an extension of the Routing And Remote Access Server Setup Wizard, or as an option after the Routing And Remote Access service has already been configured and enabled.

If you have previously configured and enabled the Routing And Remote Access service without demand-dial functionality, you must enable this functionality before you create any demand-dial interfaces. You achieve this task by selecting the LAN And Demand-Dial Routing option on the General tab of the Routing And Remote Access service properties dialog box, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Enabling demand-dial routing


Once you have enabled demand-dial routing, you can launch the Demand-Dial Interface Wizard by right-clicking the Network Interfaces node in the Routing And Remote Access console tree and then clicking New Demand-Dial Interface. The wizard allows you to configure the basic features of the interface.

After the basic demand-dial interface has been created, you can configure and manage its properties in a more detailed way in the Routing And Remote Access console. Demand-dial interface management in the Routing And Remote Access console can be divided into four areas: shortcut menu commands, network interface properties, port and device properties, and IP routing interface features.

Shortcut Menu Commands

The shortcut menu commands for each demand-dial interface are those that appear when you right-click the interface in the details pane of the Routing And Remote Access console. The interfaces themselves appear in the details pane when you select the Network Interfaces node in the Routing And Remote Access console tree. (See Figure 2.) Note that in addition to the management features listed below, this shortcut menu allows you to connect/disconnect and enable/disable the demand-dial interface.

Figure 2. Shortcut menu management features


The following list describes the four commands that are unique to the demand-dial interface shortcut menu:

  • Set Credentials Allows you to configure the user name and password that the interface uses when it connects to a remote router.

  • Unreachability Reason Explains why the last connection attempt was unsuccessful.

  • Set IP Demand-Dial Filters Allows you to limit the type of traffic that initiates a demand-dial connection through this interface. Connections can be limited (filtered) by source address, destination address, and protocol.

  • Dial-Out Hours Allows you to restrict the number of hours that the demand-dial interface can be used.

Network Interface Properties

When the Network Interfaces node is selected, you can configure these settings in the properties dialog box of the demand-dial interface. The dialog box consists of the four tabs described in the following sections.

General Tab

This tab allows you to adjust modem features and to set the primary phone number associated with the demand-dial interface. You can use the Alternates button when editing the properties of a dial-up connection to configure a list of alternate phone numbers for the interface to call in case one is unreachable. You can also choose to adjust the alternate list automatically so that numbers successfully reached are given higher priority.

Options Tab

This tab is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3. Demand-dial interface options


In the Connection Type area, this tab allows you to configure the interface as Demand Dial or Persistent Connection. Demand-dial interfaces dial on demand, and persistent interfaces redial whenever the connection is lost. Also note that when you configure the interface as Demand Dial, this tab allows you to specify the amount of time the connection should stay idle before it disconnects.

The Dialing Policy area allows you to configure the number of redial attempts and the time interval between redials.

The Callback button allows you to configure the callback feature. This feature requires the interface, when it receives a call, to disconnect the call and immediately call back to a predetermined number, thus ensuring that only authorized parties establish a connection.

The X.25 button allows you to configure the interface for use over X.25 networks.

Security Tab

This tab allows you to require password and/or data encryption for the demand-dial connection. Advanced settings allow you to specify a set of allowable authentication protocols over which the interface can submit and receive user credentials. By default, Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP), Microsoft CHAP (MS-CHAP), and Microsoft CHAP version 2 (MS-CHAP v2) are selected as the authentication protocols. Finally, this tab also allows you to specify a logon script for use with the demand-dial interface.

Networking Tab

This tab allows you to bind and configure typical elements of a network connection, such as Internet Protocol, File And Printer Sharing For Microsoft Networks, and Client For Microsoft Networks.

Port and Device Properties

The Ports Properties dialog box is shown in Figure 4. You open this dialog box by right-clicking the Ports node in the Routing And Remote Access console and clicking Properties.

Figure 4. Ports properties


By selecting the modem used in the demand-dial connection and clicking the Configure button, you open the Configure Device dialog box, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5. Demand-dial device configuration


This dialog box enables you to configure the modem for either inbound only or inbound and outbound connections. It also allows you to specify a phone number for the device. This number can be read by the calling interface and can be used for remote access policies that use the Called-Station-Id attribute. The phone number is required for BAP-enabled connections and is dialed by the client when additional connections are created.

A final management feature associated with the Ports node is the Port Status dialog box. When you select the Ports node in the Routing And Remote Access console, the list of connection ports is listed in the details pane. This list includes the available modem device or devices. You can view details about the status of a modem by double-clicking the modem device and opening the Port Status dialog box. This dialog box presents statistics about a modem (when active) and allows you to reset the modem connection.

IP Routing Interface Features

These management features are accessible through the IP Routing node of the Routing And Remote Access console. When you select the General node within the IP Routing node, the interfaces configured for your server appear in the details pane. Right-clicking a demand-dial interface reveals various demand-dial management and trouble-shooting commands, as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6. IP Routing demand-dial interface commands


Update Routes

This command appears on the shortcut menu of the IP Routing demand-dial interface. When the RIP routing protocol is installed and this feature is enabled, selecting the Update Routes command automatically updates the static routes across the demand-dial interface. Static routes updated with this command require no further configuration and are thus known as autostatic routes. Because of the intermittent nature of dial-on-demand connections, autostatic routes for these connections are used in place of normal router-to-router communication through RIP. Note also that you can update autostatic routes automatically by using a script scheduled to run periodically by the Task Scheduler service.

TCP/IP Statistics

The next group of features available on this shortcut menu allows you to view current TCP/IP information such as that available with the command-line commands Ipconfig, Route Print, and Netstat. You can use this information, which includes details about active TCP and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) connections, bytes sent, and assigned IP addresses, to verify and troubleshoot network connectivity.

IP Routing Interface Properties

Finally, the demand-dial interface shortcut menu allows you to open the demand-dial interface properties dialog box, shown in Figure 7. This dialog box is distinct from the demand-dial interface properties dialog box available when the Network Interfaces node is selected. This dialog box contains three tabs: General, Multicast Boundaries, and Multicast Heartbeat.

Figure 7. IP Routing interface properties


On the General tab, the Enable IP Router Manager check box is enabled by default. IP Router Manager is a component of the Routing And Remote Access service that is responsible for many routing features, including packet filtering, network address translation, and dynamic routing. You can clear the check box to temporarily disable IP routing and change the Administrative Status of the interface to Down.

The Enable Router Discovery Advertisements check box is cleared by default. This check box refers to a feature called router discovery that requires configuration at the host in addition to the router. Through this feature, network hosts send out router solicitations to discover routers. Routers then respond to these solicitations through periodic advertisements. Through these advertisements, hosts can then determine when these routers are down. Router discovery solicitations and advertisements work through Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) messages.

The Input Filters button and Output Filters button refer to a feature called packet filtering. Through this feature, you can configure Routing And Remote Access to allow or deny traffic on the basis of source, destination, or protocol type (TCP or UDP port).

The Enable Fragmentation Checking check box, cleared by default, refers to a feature of packet filtering. If you have blocked packets from a given source address, this option ensures that fragments of packets originating from the same address are blocked as well.

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