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Windows Server 2003 : Configuring the DHCP Server (part 1)

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3/16/2011 5:44:47 PM

Benefits of DHCP

With a DHCP server installed and configured on your network, DHCP-enabled clients can obtain IP addresses and related configuration parameters each time they start and join your network. DHCP servers provide this configuration in the form of an address lease offer to requesting clients.

One main advantage of using DHCP is that DHCP servers greatly reduce the time required to configure and reconfigure computers on your network. DHCP simplifies administration not only by supplying clients with IP addresses, but also (optionally) with the addresses of the default gateway, DNS servers, WINS servers, and other servers useful to the client. Another advantage of DHCP is that by assigning IP addresses automatically, it allows you to avoid configuration errors resulting from entering IP address information manually at every host. For example, DHCP helps prevent address conflicts caused when the same IP address is mistakenly assigned to two hosts.

Installing the DHCP Server Service

To set up a DHCP server, you must first install the DHCP Server role. This role is not installed by the Windows Server Setup Wizard by default and can be added either through the Windows Components Wizard or through the Manage Your Server window.

To install a DHCP server through the Manage Your Server window, from the Start menu select Manage Your Server, click Add Or Remove A Role, and then select the DHCP Server role. Click Next to begin the installation process.

To launch the Windows Components Wizard, open Control Panel and double-click Add Or Remove Programs. Then, in the Add Or Remove Programs window, click Add/Remove Windows Components. The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) component, like the DNS component, is a subcomponent of the Networking Services component in the Windows Components Wizard.

Note

You must be logged on as an administrator—for example, a member of the domain local security group DHCP Administrators or of the global group Domain Admins—to install and manage a Windows component such as DHCP.


Tip

Assign a static IP address to the computer on which you install the DHCP server.


After the installation wizard has completed, you can verify that the DHCP Server service has been installed on your computer by opening the DHCP console administrative tool. To access the DHCP console, click Start, select Administrative Tools, and then select DHCP.

The DHCP console, shown in Figure 1, is the interface from which you can configure and manage virtually all features related to your DHCP server, including scopes, exclusions, reservations, and options.

Figure 1. DHCP console


Authorizing the Server

DHCP servers must be authorized if they are to be integrated in Active Directory networks. Only domain controllers and domain member servers participate in Active Directory, and only these server types can become authorized. When your network includes Active Directory domains, the first DHCP server you install on the network must be an authorized DHCP server.

Stand-alone or workgroup DHCP servers running Microsoft Windows 2000 Server or Windows Server 2003 cannot become authorized in Active Directory networks, but they can coexist with these networks as long as they are not deployed on a subnet with any authorized DHCP servers. (Note, however, that this configuration is not recommended.)

Stand-alone DHCP servers implemented together with authorized servers are known as rogue servers. When a rogue DHCP server running Windows Server 2003 or Windows 2000 Server detects an authorized server on the same subnet, the stand-alone server automatically stops its own DHCP Server service and stops leasing IP addresses to DHCP clients.

When the DHCP Server service is installed on a domain controller, you can perform the authorization procedure simply by right-clicking the server node in the DHCP console and selecting Authorize. You can use the following procedure, however, to authorize DHCP servers hosted on both domain controllers and member servers.


Note

To have the necessary permissions to authorize or deauthorize a DHCP server, you must be a member of the global security group Enterprise Admins.


To authorize a DHCP server in Active Directory, complete the following steps:

1.
Open the DHCP console.

2.
In the console tree, select DHCP.

3.
From the Action menu, select Manage Authorized Servers.

The Manage Authorized Servers dialog box opens.

4.
Click Authorize.

5.
When prompted, type the name or IP address of the DHCP server to be authorized, and then click OK.

6.
When the Confirm Authorization dialog box appears, click OK again. Click Close in the Managed Authorized Servers dialog box to return to the DHCP console.
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