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Windows Server 2008 Server Core : Working with General Applications (part 2) - Listing Applications and Services with the TaskList Command

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3/28/2011 6:10:43 PM

2. Listing Applications and Services with the TaskList Command

The TaskList command provides a lot more information than Task Manager, but it's also harder to use. You can use TaskList to find specific information about services and applications running on your system. For example, you can determine which services are running or perhaps locked up (not responding). To get a display similar to the one shown in Task Manager, type TaskList at the command prompt and press Enter. You'll see a list of the standard applications running on your system as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Obtain a list of the standard tasks running on your system.

As you can see, the TaskList command provides the same information as the GUI tool. You see the same columns as usual. Use the /FI command line switch to modify the appearance of the list, especially the order, when necessary. This command uses the following syntax:

TASKLIST [/S system [/U username [/P [password]]]] [/M [module] | /SVC
| /V] [/FI filter] [/FO format] [/NH]

The following list describes each of the command line arguments.


/S
system

Specifies the remote system that you want to check. In most cases, you'll also need to supply the /U and the /P command line switches when using this switch.


/U
[domain\]user

Specifies the username on the remote system. This name may not match the username on the local system. You'll need to supply a domain name when working with a domain controller.


/P
[password]

Specifies the password for the given user. You can provide the command line switch without specifying the password on the command line in cleartext. The system prompts you for the password. Using this feature can help you maintain the security of passwords used on your system.


/M
[Module]

Displays a list of applications that require the specified support module. Most applications require use of one or more modules (usually DLLs) for support. When you use this switch alone, TaskList displays a list of every module used by every loaded application. It's quite a list, so you'll probably want to redirect the output to a file using the > or >> redirection symbols and adding a filename. The switch also lets you optionally specify a specific module name. You can use this option to determine which applications require a specific module to execute. Often, this process can help you understand why a particular application glitches when another application is loaded (sometimes they rely on a shared module, but each application requires a different version of that module). You can't use this command line switch with either the /V or /SVC command line switches.


/SVC

Displays a list of services supported by each of the SVCHOST.EXE entries in the task list. You'll find that each SVCHOST.EXE entry supports one or more services. This is probably one of the most important command line switches for this command because it shows you how services are working on your system. To use this command line switch, type TaskList /SVC and press Enter. You'll see a list of standard applications and services as shown in Figure 2. Compare this output to Figure 1 and you'll notice that the Services column replaces the Session Name, Session #, and Mem Usage columns. You can't use this command line switch with either the /V or /M command line switches.

Figure 2. List all of the services running on your system so you can see how the services work.

/V Displays additional application information including the application status, name of the user running the process, the amount of processor time the application is using, and the name of the application window. You might be surprised at how many of the applications listed the system runs on your behalf or to maintain Windows. One of the most useful columns for optimization purposes is Window Title, which tells you the human-readable name of the application. The connection between the executable and window names can help you locate viruses, adware, and spyware on your system. The /V command line switch puts out so much information that the standard table format is nearly useless. Consequently, you should use the /FO command line switch to use the list format. However, this makes the list too long to use. To obtain the best output, type TaskList /V /FO LIST | More and press Enter. You'll see a list format output that scrolls as needed as shown in Figure 3. You can't use this command line switch with either the /SVC or /M command line switches.

Figure 3. You must use a number of switches for the verbose output.

/FI Filter Filters the output information from the command. The filters can become complex, so read the text that appears after this list for additional information. Table 1 describes the filter criteria. Filters are essential in some cases, especially when working with the /V command line switch. For example, if you want verbose information about the applications you're using, you can type TaskList /V /FO LIST /FI "USERNAME eq Administrator" and press Enter. Notice that you must enclose the filter criteria in quotes. In this case, you're telling the system to filter by username where the username equals Administrator. Of course, you'll use your name when trying out this command line on your machine. Figure 4 shows typical output from this command.


/FO {TABLE | LIST | CSV}

Defines the output provided by the command. The table format is normally the easiest to view on screen. The table columns define the values for output, while each row contains one driver entry. The CSV output provides the best method for preparing the data for entry in a database. Use redirection to output the CSV data to a file and then import it to your database. The list format provides one data element per line. Each group of data elements defines one driver. The command separates each driver by one blank line. Some people find the list format more readable when working in verbose mode since the table format requires multiple lines for each entry (the lines wrap).


/NH

Forces the command to display the data without a column header. You can only use this command line switch with the table and CSV formats. Omitting the header makes it easier to incorporate the data in a report or import it into a database.

Figure 4. Filtering helps you locate the information you need faster.
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